We will review the evidence for novel tool manufacture from the comparative literature and present a growing body of data from children suggesting that innovation of the solution to a problem by making a tool is a much more challenging task than previously thought. Here, we will explore the concepts underlying tool making, and the kinds of information and putative cognitive abilities required for children to manufacture novel tools. We know that even young children are proficient tool users, but until recently, little was known about how they make tools. The development of tool manufacture in humans: what helps young children make innovative tools?Ĭhappell, Jackie Cutting, Nicola Apperly, Ian A. But how do we find these tools? The paper argues for using a strategy of… Areas in transition such as higher education and learning techniques today bring about new needs and opportunities for innovative tools and services.
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This paper shows how to address technological, cultural and social transformations with empirically grounded innovation. How to Develop Valuable Learning ToolsĮRIC Educational Resources Information Centerīreuer, Henning Schwarz, Heinrich Feller, Kristina Matsumoto, Mitsuji Value Innovation in Learner-Centered Design. We believe the NTT will help to identify potential problems that the innovation will face and facilitates early modification, before large investments are made in a potentially flawed Conclusion We offer a tool that helps stakeholders identify the stage of maturity of their innovation, helps facilitate deliberative discussions on the key considerations for each major stakeholder group and the major contextual barriers that the innovation faces. The resulting stage-by-issue grid consists of 72 cells, each populated with cell-specific questions, prompts and considerations from the reviewed literature. The 16 stages form the rows of the Nose to Tail Tool (NTT) grid and the 6 contingency factors form columns. Included papers suggest that innovations progress through stages of maturity and the uptake of innovation depends on the innovation aligning with the interests of 3 critical stakeholder groups ( innovators, end users and the decision makers) and is also influenced by 3 broader contexts (social and physical environment, the health system, and the regulatory, political and economic environment). 16 stages were identified: 12 deliberation and 4 action stages. Frequently described stages in the innovation process and contextual issues that influence progress through each stage were mapped. Results Sixty nine articles were eligible for review. We define scale up as the expansion and extension of delivery or access to an innovation for all end users in a jurisdiction who will benefit from it. Â Methods A scoping review was conducted to identify articles that described the scale up process conceptually or that described an instance in which a healthcare innovation was scaled up. Many of these innovations are implemented prematurely, or fail to be implemented at scale, resulting in substantial wasted resources. Introduction Health sector management is increasingly complex as new health technologies, treatments, and innovative service delivery strategies are developed. Gupta, Archna Thorpe, Cathy Bhattacharyya, Onil Zwarenstein, Merrick Promoting development and uptake of health innovations: The Nose to Tail Tool It is suggested that new methods for testing tool innovation in children must be developed in order to broaden our knowledge of young children's tool innovation capabilities. Cultural background did not affect children's rates of tool innovation. Furthermore, innovation rates were higher than those reported in previous innovation studies. As expected affordance visibility altered innovation rates: young children were more likely to innovate on a tool that had visible affordances than one with concealed affordances. To evaluate possible cultural specificity, data collection was undertaken in a Western urban population and a remote Indigenous community. In an attempt to scaffold children's understanding of what constitutes an appropriate tool within an innovation task we compared tools in which the focal affordance was visible to those in which it was opaque. However, previous studies have limited children's performance by presenting tools with opaque affordances.
Young children typically demonstrate low rates of tool innovation. Neldner, Karri Mushin, Ilana Nielsen, Mark Young children's tool innovation across culture: Affordance visibility matters.
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